NASA Deep Space Network

The Deep Space Network (DSN), also known as the רשת החלל העמוק in Hebrew, is a global network of radio antennas that provides the communication link between Earth and spacecraft exploring our solar system and beyond. Managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the DSN also supports missions to the Moon and some that orbit Earth. The network is composed of three main facilities strategically placed approximately 120 degrees apart in longitude around the world: the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex near Barstow, California; the Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex near Madrid, Spain; and the Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex near Canberra, Australia. This strategic placement ensures constant communication with spacecraft as the Earth rotates. The DSN is not only crucial for receiving scientific data from missions but also for sending commands to spacecraft, making it an indispensable tool for deep space exploration. In Spanish, the DSN is referred to as the Red de Espacio Profundo, and in French, it is known as the Réseau d'Espace Profond.